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The
Background
The
use of ozone to disinfect swimming pools and spas has been a common practice
in Europe for over 50 years. Many countries have switched to use ozone as a
supplemental disinfectant to traditional chlorine and bromine-based water
treatment. The reasons behind this include a need to provide exceptional
water clarity with minimum chlorine odor and bather discomfort, and the
media coverage regarding chlorine resistant pathogenic parasites (Cryptosporidium
Parvum) and bacteria (Legionella Pneumophila) that exist within many
municipal water systems. Ozone
combined with Chlorine can generate the Advance Oxidization Process (AOP).
During the AOP process, the strong oxidizing agent, called hydroxyl
radicals, are produced for improvement of sterilization.
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The
advantages using PIE Ozonation System
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Effective destroy
chlorine-resistance microorganisms
Ozone combined
with Chlorine can generate the Advance Oxidization Process (AOP).
Research has indicated that ozone-AOP treatment is more effective
against amoebae, the waterborne organism, than chlorine
treatment. Chlorine is not effective to remove some virus (e.g.
Poliovirus), amoebae (e.g. Naegleria fowleri) and cysts (e.g. Giardia
lambia cysts and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts). For example,
Naegleria fowleri, which is a small, free-living amoeba commonly found
in soil, fresh water, especially waters that are somewhat stagnant,
and in areas of warm climate. Ozone is further reducing the likelihood
of colonization by Naegleria Fowler amoeba, which could result in an
infective concentration.
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Reduce volatile smell
Free chlorine can combine with ammonia to form
compounds, known as chloramines, which cause eye stinging and volatile
smell,
and this reduces the ability of chlorine to disinfect in pools.
Chloramines are also known as "combined residual chlorine"
and should be kept to a minimum. More chlorine should be added to
oxidize them over a period of time without bathers in the pool.
The use of ozone prevents the formation of chlorine containing
byproducts, like chloramines and trihalomethane (THM). Ozone will even breakdown already formed unwanted chlorinated
byproducts in order to eliminate volatile smell.
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Reduce chorine consumption
and keep chlorine in lower level
Many countries have formulated the guidelines for swimming pool
operation. For example, in Hong Kong, Government has requested that
the swimming pools using ozone for disinfection, ensure that the water
should contain not less than 0.5 parts per million (ppm) of chlorine.
However, for the swimming pools using only chlorine for disinfection,
ensure that the water should contain not less than 1.0 ppm of
chlorine. In addition, dose chlorine will increase the pH of water and
this will counter-reduce the oxidizing capability of chlorine. Ozone does not affect the pH balance of water, thus minimizing pH
adjustments.
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Destruct organic by-products
Chlorine is an oxidizing agent that works
by oxidizing organic matter, be it the cell wall of a bacteria, or
organic matter derived from the mains water supply or the bathers. The
organic matter is oxidized down to smaller components until it becomes
carbon dioxide, nitrogen trichloride, THM, chloramines or other
inorganic or organic chlorine complexes. These byproducts have known
to be hazardous with human health. Ozone is a strong oxidizer to
reduce the level of organics.
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Improve water clarity
Ozone destroys many organic compounds and microorganisms that would
typically react with chlorine, resulting in a reduction of the
chlorine demand and total dissolved solids. Lower chlorine demand
allows the pools to achieve disinfection of the water with minimal
chlorine residual, and the reduction of total dissolved solids
improves the water clarity.
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Modular
Design
The
model W-4500-SP is the compact scale ozone system, which is suitable applied
at smaller sized pool and spa (0 – 150 m3). Other models
(W-7000-SP and above) are designed on a modular basis. For example, the
model W-14000-SP is formulated from 2 modules of W-7000-SP. Each module is
fitted with the entire components and instruments. For example, the typical
400 m3 pool installation with the model W-14000-SP shows the
diagram.
Selection
of PIE Ozonation System
is based on the pool volume. The larger the pool’s size, the larger
capacity of the Ozonation System is necessary. Simply read from the bottom
line of the selection chart to choose the appropriated system. The reading
“Bypass Flowrate” is the water diverted to the ozonation system and it
is independent of the main circulation rate.
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