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What is Ozone ?
Ozone is a gas that forms in the atmosphere when 3 atoms of oxygen are combined (O3). It is very reactive gas having a very pungent odor. There are two types of ozone. 

One is good ozone, named stratosphere, which is formed at high attitude environment. At high attitude (over 30 km from ground level), within the stratosphere oxygen gas, oxygen hits with UV light from sun to separate into two single oxygen atoms. This single oxygen atom combine with oxygen molecule (O2) to form O3. Good ozone can protect life on earth from the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays (UV).

Another is bad ozone, named troposphere or green-house gas, which is formed at low attitude environment. At low attitude (at ground level), chemical reaction between oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) in present of sunlight and and high temperature can from this bad ozone. Ground-level bad ozone is an air pollutant that damages human health, vegetation and many common materials. It is a key ingredient of urban smog. NOx and VOC are the bad ozone precursors. It is important to understand and avoid them occur.

  • NOx -- Nitrogen dioxide form when fuel is burned at high temperature. A lot of source is generating NOx, including motor vehicles, electric utilities, power plants, and other industrial sources. NOx is colorless and odorless. It can affect human's respiratory system as well as aggravate existing heart disease. 

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  • VOC --  VOC is an organic compound. It is a noticeable odor but nearly invisible. VOC is emitted from industrial processes, motor vehicle exhaust, gasoline vapor and chemical  solvents like paints and glues. VOC can irritate eyes, nose, cause headaches, nausea, and cause damage to the central nervous system. 

  

But this "good" ozone is gradually being destroyed by manmade chemicals called chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), halons, and other ozone depleting substances (used in coolants, foaming agents, fire extinguishers, and solvents).
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Except the Bad Ozone, Ozone is beneficial to commercial and industrial applications. Ozone can be produced commercially by applying high voltage at air. Similar with electric spark during a thunderstorm, electric discharge from high voltage can create ozone. Ozone is very unstable and easily to oxidize back to oxygen. Therefore, it is good to serve as a strong oxidant for Disinfection and treatment purposes. Ozone produced commercially should be generated on site for immediate use. It has strong tendency to decompose into oxygen so that it will disappear within few minutes. However, high amount of ozone is hazards to health. Therefore, it should be used with care. 

It is not recommend for human to expose at ozone too long. Therefore, it is possible to use the ozone at non-occupied area or ensure the ozone mixed with air do not over 0.05 ppm concentration level (regulation stated at UK Health and Safety at Work Authority).

Referring to the recommendation from "CHOICE Magazine" issued by Hong Kong Government at August 2003, high and intensive ozone is good to remove bad odor and kill bacteria at non-occupied areas. Click here to see the detailed information. 

          

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